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What is an HTTP server in Go?

An HTTP server in Go is a program that listens for incoming HTTP requests and sends back HTTP responses. In Go, the standard library provides a package called "net/http" that allows developers to easily create HTTP servers.
HTTP server in Go
To create an HTTP server in Go, you typically start by creating a function to handle incoming requests. This function must have a specific signature that matches the "Handler" type defined in the "net/http" package. This function is responsible for processing the incoming HTTP request, generating an appropriate response, and sending it back to the client.
Once you have your request handler function, you can create an HTTP server using the "http.ListenAndServe" function provided by the "net/http" package. This function takes two arguments: the address to listen on (in the form of a string), and the request handler function you created earlier. For example:

Example

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"net/http"
)

func helloHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Hello, World!")
}

func main() {
	http.HandleFunc("/", helloHandler)
	http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}
In this example, we define a simple request handler function that writes the string "Hello, World!" to the response writer. We then use the "http.HandleFunc" function to register this handler function to handle requests to the root URL path ("/"). Finally, we use the "http.ListenAndServe" function to start the HTTP server listening on port 8080.
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